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Gas Patio Heater Regulator If you're looking to cozy up in the cold outdoors with a propane patio heater, it's crucial to understand how to use this appliance. Matthew Griffith, prevention section chief at Montreal's fire department, said shoppers should be looking for items that have safety certifications. The patio heater needs to be properly attached and there shouldn't be fire-prone material in the vicinity. Pressure Regulator Gas regulators are simple mechanical devices that we pass through every day in our cars and at home without giving them a second thought. Their invention, made 135 years ago has revolutionized the way natural gas and propane are used for heating, cooking and welding using oxyfuel. There are a number of variations in regulator design, but their basic purpose is the same. The regulator is based on an element that senses pressure typically a fabric-reinforced diaphragm to regulate the position of a valve plug and limit the flow of gas. The diaphragm is connected to the stem of the valve by rods that go down through the set spring, up through the diaphragm before entering the valve. The pressure of gas coming from the pipeline or the house is detected by this mechanism and it adjusts the position of the valve plug to match it to the demand of the house. As the gas usage in the house decreases and the pressure between the regulator and the house also decreases as well. The diaphragm deflates downward and the valve plug is moved closer to the orifice to stop flow. As the demand for gas in the home increases the valve expands which increases the flow of gas. The valve plug remains shut until the demand of the house decreases. The valve is then opened to increase the flow. This process, also known as”sizing,” is the primary operation of the regulator. When the valve is opened the pressure builds up in the main chamber, which is connected to the outlet port of the hose via a venturi tube. The pressure can be regulated by turning the screw or handle located on the outside of the regulator. When the screw is turned counterclockwise, it moves up and reduces the pressure. When it is turned clockwise, it reduces the pressure. When choosing a pressure regulator, remember that the maximum and minimum nominal pressures are determined by commercial standards, not the pressure at the supply line. The regulator must be compatible with the hose you are using. Look for a hose labeled whistle-free. It will have alternating rings with different sizes. This will stop the resonant sounds from building up across the length. Thermocouple Thermocouples are based on the concept that two different metals that are in contact at one end create a voltage potential even if they are at extremely different temperatures. They are used to detect temperature differences between points in an electrical circuit and transform that data into an electronic signal that can be read by thermocouple gauges or another instrument. Thermocouples are superior to other sensors, such as thermistors. They are able to measure extremely high temperatures and work in corrosive conditions. A pair of dissimilar metals is connected at one end of the sensor to create the measuring (aka hot) junction, while the other end is maintained at a set temperature, known as the reference (aka cold) junction. Thermocouples are passive devices, which means they do not require power to operate. The voltage generated is proportional to the difference in temperature between the measuring and reference junctions. Manufacturers of thermocouples as well as organizations that provide metrology standards, for example NIST offer reference tables for the function E (T). displaystyle scriptstyle e(T) for each specific thermocouple type. There are three types of thermocouple connections: exposed, grounded and welded. The exposed type of junction protrudes out of the protective sheath and provides the fastest response time. In the event of measurements under corrosive conditions it is recommended that a grounded thermocouple be utilized. A thermocouple welded to a wire is physically separated from the sheath using mgO powder to stop the penetration of moisture or gas that could lead to errors. A thermocouple that is welded offers the added benefit of being more resistant to vibration. It is recommended to use it in harsh environments that have pressures up to 3000 psi. A thermocouple that has been damaged is usually the result of a lack in the polarity. If the sheath hasn't been properly polarized, both ends of the thermocouple might have different voltages at their measurement junction. This could result in an incorrect reading or damage the instrument. A sensor that is not properly calibrated or installed can also result in a malfunctioning thermocouple. Thermostat In contrast to electric heaters that need to be wired directly into the wall, gas patio heaters are portable and use propane or natural gas cylinders to fuel. Thermostats regulate the flow of energy to these cylinders, so that they don't overflow but can still provide heat when needed. The thermostat achieves this by sensing the temperature of the air that flows over it. The thermostat also senses when the room is cooling down to a comfortable temperature, and shuts off the heating. Digital thermostats are the most popular. It is controlled by a microcontroller which converts a change in electrical resistance into a measure of temperature. It can do this more accurately than earlier mercury switch thermostats that utilized a coil of mercury with three wires that moved in accordance with the temperature. patio heater gas regulator enabled it to tilt a mercury switch connected to the electrical circuit of a heater or air conditioning unit, turning it off or on. Mechanical thermostats are another type. It is a small cylinder filled with wax which begins to melt at a temperature, possibly 180 degrees F (different thermostats are open at different temperatures). When the wax is hot, a rod connected to the thermostat opens the valve. As the room cools, the wax contracts and the rod gets pulled back into the cylinder, closing the valve. You can also program thermostats to alter the temperature at various time of the day. This lets you save energy by setting your heating to come on and off when you are at work or sleeping, rather than having it on continuously. You can also set your thermostat to come on sooner so that you can get home to an appropriate temperature. Thermostats often have a feature called the heat anticipateor which prevents the heater from turning off too early. This is because certain parts of the home reach the desired temperature prior to the thermostat. Pilot Light Many modern heating systems, homes and furnaces have eliminated completely from pilot lights. However older homes still rely on them to ignite gas in the burner chamber. It's important to learn how to safely relight the pilot light if it ever goes out. A pilot light creates a small flame which heats the thermocouple. The thermocouple generates electricity, and keeps the gas valve open. When the pilot flame stops the thermocouple cools and stops producing electricity, closing the valve. Pilot lights are used on the majority of natural gas and propane appliances, such as water heaters. To relight the pilot, you must first shut off the gas on the appliance. Then, you must remove any doors or panels that may be in the way of getting to the pilot light. Follow the directions on the front to open the pilot light tube. After you've re-lit your pilot light, turn the gas valve knob to the “on” position. The primary reason to keep the pilot light on is to ensure safety. If you accidentally extinguish the pilot light, the gas that is constantly venting out of the tube can build up in your home until a spark or static electricity sparks the gas, causing an explosive explosion. To prevent this, pilot tubes have a built in cutoff valve. Aside from the safety concerns the burning of a pilot light is also an enormous amount of energy. Numerous studies have revealed that a pilot lamp can consume between $7 and $18 worth of gas each month. The wasted fuel is a bigger burden on the air conditioner during summer. A pilot light may draw spiders, which can spin webs, and clog the pilot tubes. Also, a constant flame could release trace amounts the compound mercaptan, which causes the rotten egg odor found in natural gas. If you're ever worried about these issues, you should consider getting a remote control gas fireplace or replacing your fireplace with a modern efficient and efficient model.